31.It is because I know how sweet and happy and pure the home of honest poverty is，how free it is from perplexing care，from social envy and emulations，how loving and how united its members may be in the common interest ofsupporting the family that I sympathize with the rich man's boy and congratulate the poor man's boy.我亲身体验过正直贫困家庭里的那种温馨、美满和纯真，这样的家庭无暇为聊的事而操心，不受他人的嫉妒，不与他人争斗，为了养家糊口这个共同目标，家里的人互相爱护，团结一致。正是由于这个原因我对富人家的孩子深表同情，而对穷人家的孩子表示祝贺。

　　此句用it is…… that……强调原因，整个原因状语从句是强调部分；句子的主要部分是I sympathize……the poor man's boy.

　　eg：It is because he didn't turn off the stove that caused the fire.

　　正是因为他没关煤气炉子导致了这场火灾。

　　eg：It is because of his ignorance that led him to prison.

　　正是因为他的无知使他走上了犯罪。

　　free from：无……的，摆脱了……的

　　eg：Some handicapped are free from taxation.

　　一些残疾人免征税。

　　eg：He wants to live in a small town free from noise pollution.

　　他想住在一个没有噪音污染的小镇。

　　eg：Now that he's retired he's free from all responsibilities.

　　他现在已经退休了，无官一身轻。

　　in the interest of：in order to achieve the result or maintain a situation

　　eg：All the people should work together in the interest of world peace.

　　大家都应为世界和平努力工作。

　　sympathize with （sb./ sth.）：同情；支持

　　eg：I must tell you how much we sympathize with you on your loss.

　　我要告诉你对于你的损失我们对你深表同情。

　　eg：We always sympathize with just causes.

　　我们一贯支持正义的事业。

　　32 it is for these reasonsthat fromhe ranks of the poor so many strong，eminent，self-reliant men have always sprungand always must spring.—— ……that is why poor families have produced and will continue to prodece so many outstanding people.正是由于这些原因，穷人的队伍中已经不断涌现出，而且一定还会不断涌现出众多坚强、出众，依赖自己能力的杰出人才。

　　此句用it is……that的形式强调for these reasons.

　　spring from：出人意料地从……出现

　　eg：Where did your sister spring from？ I thought she was in Europe.

　　你妹妹是从哪里蹦出来的？我还以为她在欧洲呢。

　　33 responsibility of read the list of the immortals who “were not born to die，”and I ofter awoke and found myself were born to the precious heritage of poverty

　　如果你愿意看看那些流芳百世之人的名单，你就会发现他们当中大部分人出生于贫困这个宝贵的环境中。

　　If you will如果你愿意

　　eg：If you will listen to me，I'll give you some advice.

　　如果你愿意听，我就给 你一些建议。

　　who “were not born to die”：那些不朽的人物，指那些为人类作出巨大贡献的人物。to die表示结果。

　　be born to / into /of：出于……（环境、家庭等）。

　　eg：He was born into a poor family.

　　他出身于一个贫穷家庭。

　　34.It seems nowadays，amatter of universal desire that povety should be abolished.Nowadays it seems to be a common desire to wipe out poverty.今天人们好像普遍希望消除贫困。

　　that从句是desire的同位语，具体说明其内容。

　　nowadays：当前（与过去相对照）

　　35.but to abolish honest，industrious self-denying poverty would be destroy the soil upon which mankind produces the virtues which enable our race to reach a still higher civilization than it now possesses.但是消除正直、勤劳、忘我的贫困就会破坏人类产生诸多美德的土壤，而正是这引起美德能使我们人类达到比现在更高的文明程度。此句是系表结构，主语与表语都是不定式短语；主语to abolish……poverty中隐含着一个虚拟条件句（if we abolished……poverty），would be……是虚拟语气；表语to destroy……中包含两个定语从句：1）upon which mankind produces the virtues 修饰soil，2）which……it now possesses修饰virtues，than引出比较从句it now possesses，修饰higher.

　　still + 比较级形容词或副词表示更加……

　　eg：He has been working still harder since he went to college.

　　自他上大学后，他学习更加努力了。

　　eg：The began to believe him still more after then.

　　自那以后，他们更加信任他了。

　　在课文的最后一部分卡耐基强调贫困能激发人们上进，人物都出身贫寒，这是事实。但是我们不能反过来说越穷越革命，越穷越高尚。也有不少的杰出人物出富裕家庭，对此不可形而上学地看问题。人类毁要消除贫困，也要保持正直、勤劳等诸多美德。贫困是个很复杂的问题，有人说过贫困在诗歌里、在格言里。在牧师的讲道中是美好的，但在家里、在实际生活中却是非常糟糕的。还有人说贫困受到不再贫困的人们过分的赞美。我们不想在这里深入全面分析贫困。我们想说明的是，一个人尤其是年轻时经历一段贫困的生活不完全是一件坏事。