Exercise

Workers themselves may not even be aware of changes in the final commodities to which their work contributes, and the level of wages for any grade of factory labor is very little affected by the fortunes of particular market.

First, by attempting to present data and argue for an interpretation, scientists have to spell out clearly what the data are, what the explanation is, and what the reasons are for believing the explanation.

Information systems affect the scope and quality of health care, make social services more equitable, enhance personal comfort, provide a greater measure of safety and mobility, and extend the variety of leisure forms at one's disposal.

要点分析和参考译文

要点：本句由两个大分句并列而成，分句之间用"and"连接；to which their work contributes是由"to which"引导的定语从句，修饰"final commodities"；动词"contribute"后须用介词"to"

参考译文：工人本身甚至觉察不到自己亲手生产的更终产品有了什么变化。工厂中任何级别的工人的工资水平很少受到市场情况好坏的影响。

要点：在用作状语的介词短语"by attempting to present data and argue for an interpretation"中，动词不定式"to present"和"argue"并列，作动名词"attempting"得宾语。三个以"what"引导的名次性从句并列，作"spell out"的宾语。

参考译文：首先，科学家在试图公开资料并对资料的解释进行论证时，必须清楚地说明资料是什么，资料要如何解释以及相信这种解释的原因。

要点：本句主语是"Information systems"，谓语是五个并列的动词"affect…，make…，enhance…，provide…，and extend…"： "at one's disposal"的意思是“由自己支配”

参考译文：信息系统可扩展健康保健的范围，提高卫生保健的质量，使社会服务变得更公平合理，使个人生活更加舒适，为人们提供更大程度的安全，更多的流动机会，并能使人们按自己的意愿增加休闲方式。