4.研读法

除了在阅读理解中运用略读法和读法之外，有时还需要仔细阅读文章的某一特定部分，力求对其有较深的理解，或对其进行归纳、总结、推断等。这时就需要对这部分仔细阅读，以便理解作者言外之意。这种仔细的阅读方法就研读法，通常适用于推断型阅读理解试题。

例：

Very high waves are destructive when they strike the land. Fortuately, this seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow bottom helps reduce its strength.

But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the shore with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.

Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea. During most raging storms, the water a hundred fathoms(600 feet) beneath the surface is just as calm as on a day without a breath of wind.

Question: From your reading of the paragraph, which of the following is true?

A. At a depth of 1,200 feet the effects ofa violent surface storm are frightful.

B. A submarine commander navigating his vessel at a depth of 700 feet will not be affected by a raging surface storm.

C. A typhoon 500 miles out at sea can stir up the ocean bed.

D. If high waves can strike the shore with a horizontal force of 75 million pounds, the vertical force of such waves can have an even greater effect upon the ocean floor.

说明：本题答案为B项。此项为判断题。在本文报后一段，作者表述的意思为：不管海浪多高，多凶猛，它只影响到海面以下有限的深度。即使在更大的风暴中，600英尺以下尝试的水域也会像没有一丝风的白天那样风平浪静。选顼A意为“狂风巨浪会对1200英尺以下的水域造成可怕的影响”；B项意为“一名在水深700英尺以下驾驶潜艇行的指挥员有会受海面上的狂风巨浪的影响”；C项意为“风速每小时500英里的台风能海底的东西掀上来”；D项意为“如果巨浪袭击海岸的力量水平方向为75000000磅，那么它的垂直方向作用在海底的力量比水平方向作用力还要大”。根据更后一段内容，只有B项正确，因为潜艇是在700英尺以下水域航行。A项，C项与B项矛盾，可以排除，D项在短文中没有涉及。正是基于对这部分进行研读，考生才能够得出正确答案。