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学位英语考试完形填空常见语法知识(3)

2014-12-26 15:54    网络

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编辑推荐学位英语考试完形填空常见语法知识(汇总)

容易混淆的词

hard(努力,副词)-hardly(几乎不,副词)

close(接近,形容词)-closely(接近,副词)

near(接近,形容词)-nearly(几乎,副词),nearby(adj.邻近的)

most(大多数的,形容词)-mostly(主要地,大部分副词)

late(迟、晚,形容词)-lately(更近,副词),later(adv.稍后的)

high(高的,形容词)-highly(adv. 非常,大大的)

另外:friendly(友好的),lovely(可爱的、有趣的),尽管词尾有ly,但是都是形容词作主语:不定式短语可作主语如:To see is to believe (百闻不如一见)

To work hard should be your major concern.

注意:由于英文不习惯句子主语过长,不定式主语常被形式主语it所代替(详见第十七章)

例如上面第二句可以变为:It should be your major concern to work hard.

又如:It is very nice of you to help me

不定式常接在名词之后作定语,如:something to read, nothing to do, anything to declare, a lot to complain of, the right person to talk to, etc.

由上述例子不难看出不定式和被修饰词间有动宾关系,因此不及物动词之后必须加上相

搭配的介词(例如上面的complain + of,talk +to)不定式定语还可表示将来的含义,如:in the years to follow, the meeting to be held in June

独立主格的主语和句子主语不一致

如:(With) His mouth filled with water, he couldn't utter a word.(独立主格)对于分词来讲其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致:Filling his mouth with water, he couldn't utter a word.

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